ABSTRACT
The Trail Making Test (TMT) is a widely used measure of attention impairment. The time needed to complete the TMT (TMT score) is longer with greater impairment of attention in patients with brain diseases. TMT score becomes large in a proportion of patients with minor ischemic stroke. The Japanese version of the TMT- (TMT-J) was published in 2019. The purpose of this study was to clarify serial changes in TMT-J scores in patients with minor ischemic stroke. We retrospectively reviewed the TMT-J scores in those patients who completed the test both 8-14 days and 29-35 days after stroke onset. On initial evaluation, 1 of 21 patients could not complete TMT-J Part A. TMT-J Part A scores had a mean of 67 s and were abnormally large in 45% of the 20 patients who completed this part. Two of these 20 patients could not complete TMT-J Part B. TMT-J Part B scores had a mean of 135 s and were abnormally large in 61% of the 18 patients who completed this part. On second evaluation, scores on Part A and Part B improved in 76% and 73% of patients, respectively. This study demonstrated that abnormal TMT-J scores 8-14 days after onset of minor ischemic stroke improved over time in most patients.
ABSTRACT
We investigated original texts for yokukansan, a familiar Kampo formula, focusing on the classical literature <i>Xue-shi yi-an</i> (薛氏医案) . Yokukansan was described in the <i>Bao-ying jin-jing-lu</i> (保嬰金鏡録) written by Xue ji (薛己) in 1550, the <i>Xiao-er yao-zheng zhi-jue</i> (小児薬証直訣) revised by Xue ji (薛己) in 1551,the <i>Bao-ying cuo-yao</i> (保嬰撮要) by Xue kai (薛鎧) in 1556, and the <i>Xiao-er dou-zhen fang-lun</i> (小児痘疹方論) in 1550. The phrase “one's own work” was used in “<i>Bao-ying jin-jing-lu</i> (保嬰金鏡録)” and in the <i>Xiao-er dou-zhen fang-lun</i> (小児痘疹方論) by Chen wen-zhong (陳文仲). However, there was no mention of “one's own work” in the same title, the <i>Xiao-er dou-zhen fang-lun</i> (小児痘疹方論), as summarized by Xiong zong-li (熊宗立).<br>Yokukansan was found only in the <i>Xiao-er yao-zheng zhi-jue</i> (小児薬証直訣) revised by Xue ji (薛己) in 1551, but not in the other copies of the same text. Therefore, it seems likely that yokukansan was created by Xue ji (薛己) himself.<br>Yokukansan was previously thought to have originated with the <i>Bao-ying cuo-yao</i> (保嬰撮要). However, based on use of the phrase “one's own work” in the classical literature, it appears that the original text for yokukansan should be the <i>Bao-ying jin-jing-lu</i> (保嬰金鏡録). Therefore, yokukansan seems to have been made by Xue ji (薛己), and not Xue kai (薛鎧), who was his father.
ABSTRACT
A 62-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of dextrocardia on her chest X-ray film. She had been in good health though the X-ray abnormality had been pointed out from her childhood. Echocardiogram, magnetic resonance imaging, and cardiac catheterization revealed situs inversus, congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries, and severe tricuspid valve (systemic atrioventricular valve) regurgitation with mild systemic ventricular dysfunction. The surgeon stood on the patient's left side during the operation. On cardiopulmonary bypass, the tricuspid valve, facing almost dorsally, was exposed through a superior transseptal approach. Tricuspid valve replacement with a mechanical valve was performed with leaflet preservation. Systemic ventricular function is preserved at one year after operation.